Long-term refractive outcomes in patients with cataracts and keratoconus after phacoemulsification with toric intraocular lens implant.

PURPOSE: To determine the refractive stability of patients with keratoconus and cataracts after the implantation of a toric intraocular lens. METHODS: This is a cross-sectional, retrospectivestudy. Clinical records from patients with non-progressive keratoconus and cataracts that underwent non-complicated phacoemulsification with toric IOL implantation were reviewed. Mean keratometry (Km), refractive cylinder (RC), spherical equivalent (SE), steeper keratometry (K), and axis were evaluated at the 1-month, 6-month, 12-month, and 24-month follow-up visits. RESULTS: Fifty-four eyes from 41 patients were included. Thirty-seven (68.5%) female and 17 (31.5%) male patients, with a mean age of 67.52 ± 8.22. Refractive cylinder at postoperative 30 days was -1.61 ± 1.23, 6-month -1.22 ± 0.80, 12-month -1.10 ± 0.83 and 24-month visit after surgery was -1.37 ± 0.77(p = 0.290). SE at the 30-day visit was -0.82 ± 1.90, 6-month -0.64 ± 1.23, 12-month -0.78 ± 1.91 and at 24-month postoperative visit -1.02 ± 1.87 (p = 0.210). Km value at the 1-month visit was 47.23 ± 1.95, 6-month 47.87 ± 1.61, 12-month 46.39 ± 2.52 and 24-month postoperative visit 46.92 ± 1.26 (p = 0.877). The steeper K axis in the 30-day control was 78.53 ± 30.12, 6-month 77.29± 37.68, 1-year 93.13 ± 62.42, 24-month 67.31 ± 38.49 (p = 0.632). CONCLUSIONS: Our findings suggest a low variation in the refractive outcome for patients with mild and moderate keratoconus and cataracts, without evident progression signals, a demonstrated keratoconus clinical stability. No statistically significant postoperative changes in the refractive cylinder, SE, mean K, and steeper K axis were observed, which suggests good predictability for toric IOL implant.

Prevalence of chondrocalcinosis in a Mexican tertiary care institution of musculoskeletal disorders.

INTRODUCTION/OBJECTIVES: The prevalence of chondrocalcinosis (CC) was reported as variable according to the geographic populations. However, there are no data regarding its prevalence in Mexico. Thus, we decided to investigate the Mexican prevalence of CC in a cohort of patients from a tertiary health care institution. METHODS: A retrospective analysis of radiographs of knees and wrists from our institution was performed. Inclusion criteria included patients > 50 years old having radiographs of knees and wrists. Radiographic presence of CC was classified according to a dichotomous evaluation assayed by two rheumatologists experts on the area. RESULTS: A total of 3.350 radiographs from 1.602 patients were evaluated. Forty-seven patients showed calcifications in at least one knee or wrist for an overall prevalence of 3%, of which 23.4% were men and 76.6% women. The knee was more commonly affected than the wrist (85.1% and 14.9% respectively). The prevalence according to gender was 2.9% in women, whereas, it was 3.2% in men. Only two patients (4.3%) showed a contemporaneous presence of CC in both hands and both knees. At knee level, the prevalence was 2.7%, whereas at the wrist, we reported a prevalence of 4.9%. CONCLUSIONS: The prevalence of CC for Mexican population had not been reported so far. This a starting point to break the silence and encourage the knowledge of how this disease is associated with possible risk factors in Mexican population. Key Points •The prevalence of chondrocalcinosis in Mexico was 3%. •The prevalence of knee chondrocalcinosis increases according to the age in women's. •The nixtamalized meals could be a protective factor for CC in Mexican population.